Costa Cortez, Vanina
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- Redesign based on clinical experience of a robotic walker for hip fracture rehabilitation
2023 La fractura de cadera es una lesiĆ³n frecuente en personas mayores de 65 aƱos, estando asociada a una reducciĆ³n en la esperanza de vida. Su rehabilitaciĆ³n se basa en la movilizaciĆ³n gradual mediante terapia manual. Sin embargo, estos tratamientos no suelen ser integrales, constan de ejercicios repetitivos, resultan monĆ³tonos para el paciente y su seguimiento es principalmente cualitativo. SWalker es un andador robĆ³tico basado en un sistema de tracciĆ³n y de soporte de peso, que integra sensores de marcha. Con una primera versiĆ³n de este andador se llevĆ³ a cabo un estudio clĆnico que involucrĆ³ 34 pacientes. A partir de esta experiencia se han extraĆdo los requisitos de diseƱo que se consideran claves para el desarrollo de este tipo de dispositivos. Sobre la base de estos requisitosse ha construido una segunda versiĆ³n del andador en la que se ha validado su usabilidad con 5 pacientes. Empleando la escala QUEST 2.0 se han comparado ambas versiones del andador, mostrando mejoras en la segunda versiĆ³n en seguridad, adaptabilidad y usabilidad.
- A 3D-printed passive exoskeleton for upper limb assistance in children with motor disorders: proof of concept through an electromyography-based assessment
2023-03-29 The rehabilitation of children with motor disorders is mainly focused on physical interventions. Numerous studies have demonstrated the benefits of upper function using robotic exoskeletons. However, there is still a gap between research and clinical practice, owing to the cost and complexity of these devices. This study presents a proof of concept of a 3D-printed exoskeleton for the upper limb, following a design that replicates the main characteristics of other effective exoskeletons described in the literature. 3D printing enables rapid prototyping, low cost, and easy adjustment to the patient anthropometry. The 3D-printed exoskeleton, called POWERUP, assists the user's movement by reducing the effect of gravity, thereby allowing them to perform upper limb exercises. To validate the design, this study performed an electromyographybased assessment of the assistive performance of POWERUP, focusing on the muscular response of both the biceps and triceps during elbow flexion extension movements in 11 healthy children. The Muscle Activity Distribution (MAD) is the proposed metric for the assessment. The results show that (1) the exoskeleton correctly assists elbow flexion, and (2) the proposed metric easily identifies the exoskeleton configuration: statistically significant differences (p-value D 2.26 10ō7 < 0.001) and a large effect size (Cohen's d D 3.78 > 0.8) in the mean MAD value were identified for both the biceps and triceps when comparing the transparent mode (no assistance provided) with the assistive mode (anti-gravity effect). Therefore, this metric was proposed as a method for assessing the assistive performance of exoskeletons. Further research is required to determine its usefulness for both the evaluation of selective motor control (SMC) and the impact of robot-assisted therapies.
- Evaluation of ChildāComputer Interaction Using Fittsā Law: A Comparison between a Standard Computer Mouse and a Head Mouse
2021-05-31 This study evaluates and compares the suitability for childācomputer interaction (CCI, the branch within humanācomputer interaction focused on interactive computer systems for children) of two devices: a standard computer mouse and the ENLAZA interface, a head mouse that measures the userās head posture using an inertial sensor. A multidirectional pointing task was used to assess the motor performance and the usersā ability to learn such a task. The evaluation was based on the interpretation of the metrics derived from Fittsā law. Ten children aged between 6 and 8 participated in this study. Participants performed a series of pre- and post-training tests for both input devices. After the experiments, data were analyzed and statistically compared. The results show that Fittsā law can be used to detect changes in the learning process and assess the level of psychomotor development (by comparing the performance of adults and children). In addition, meaningful differences between the fine motor control (hand) and the gross motor control (head) were found by comparing the results of the interaction using the two devices. These findings suggest that Fittsā law metrics offer a reliable and objective way of measuring the progress of physical training or therapy.
- Desarrollo y validaciĆ³n de una plataforma de rehabilitaciĆ³n para fractura de cadera en personas mayores
2023-07-04 La fractura de cadera (FC) es una lesiĆ³n musculoesquelĆ©tica que afecta principalmente a las personas mayores. Esta lesiĆ³n es una de las principales causas de hospitalizaciĆ³n en la poblaciĆ³n geriĆ”trica y tiene un impacto significativo en la calidad de vida de los pacientes, limitando la capacidad de movimiento y ocasionando pĆ©rdida de autonomĆa. Las terapias actuales de rehabilitaciĆ³n de FC incluyen ejercicios y tĆ©cnicas para mejorar la movilidad y la fuerza muscular, pero la evaluaciĆ³n de la progresiĆ³n de los pacientes se basa en escalas subjetivas. Las plataformas robĆ³ticas de rehabilitaciĆ³n ofrecen una soluciĆ³n prometedora, ya que permiten terapias intensivas, proporcionan retroalimentaciĆ³n objetiva y constan de estructurales seguras y adaptables. La presente tesis doctoral propone el desarrollo de un andador robĆ³tico para la rehabilitaciĆ³n de FC en personas mayores, con el objetivo de mejorar los procesos de rehabilitaciĆ³n en tĆ©rminos de tiempo y funciĆ³n motora. El andador ha sido validado en un entorno clĆnico y ha demostrado ser seguro y efectivo en la movilizaciĆ³n temprana y la monitorizaciĆ³n del progreso de la rehabilitaciĆ³n. Este estudio representa una contribuciĆ³n relevante en el campo de la robĆ³tica y la rehabilitaciĆ³n funcional, y puede abrir nuevas lĆneas de investigaciĆ³n en este Ć”mbito.