1. Investigación

The study of Entrepreneurship Framework Conditions (EFC) has found that training and education have, among other things, a positive effect on overcoming barriers when starting your own firm. Our research can be placed in this line, but with an added specificity, since it is focused firstly on women and secondly on the digital economy. Thus, we have studied the situation of women entrepreneurs in the digital economy in Spain, asking them about their personal traits, the characteristics of their ventures and the barriers they encountered. We have studied the effect of EFCs on overcoming barriers to entrepreneurship, with a special focus on training and entrepreneurship education. In addition, the effect of self-efficacy perception (the conviction of having the necessary skills to start a business) on overcoming barriers to entrepreneurship has been factored in. After the implementation of a Structural Equation Model (SEM), we show that training helps female entrepreneurs in the digital economy to overcome barriers to entrepreneurship, especially after the mediation of their self-efficacy perception, which is increased by specific entrepreneurial training. We can conclude that policy recommendations to counteract the gender gap in entrepreneurship with specific training should be promoted, specifically in such a strategic sector as the digital economy

While there is an increasing awareness regarding the culture of humanization, which is strongly needed in the healthcare environment, little knowledge has been provided in relation to accurate strategies to teach humanization skills to healthcare undergraduate students, as well as to healthcare professionals. Furthermore, the usefulness of new technologies to improve humanization skills has hardly been addressed so far in the scientific literature, including promising strategies such as Metaverse-related technologies. Presumably, this is the first systematic review focused on the efficacy of Metaverse-related technologies to increase the acquisition of humanization skills in the healthcare environment. The purpose of this study was to review the scientific studies published in the last decade to answer the following two questions: (1) are Metaverse-related technologies useful in enhancing humanization skills in the healthcare environment? (2) What are the advantages and disadvantages that should be addressed to successfully develop Metaverserelated technologies in the healthcare sector? We conducted a systematic review of the peer-reviewed literature from EBSCO, Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, andWeb of Science (WOS), following the PRISMA statements and using the following keywords: “humanization + Metaverse”; “humanization + mixed reality”; “humanization + extended reality”; “humanization + augmented reality”; “humanization + virtual reality”; “humanization + app”; “humanization + telemedicine”; “humanization + digital health”; “humanization + eHealth”; “humanization + telehealth”; “humanization + web-based”; “humanization + website”; “humanization + digital”; “humanization + online”; and “humanization + internet”. Studies published from 2012 to the present, written in the English language, were reviewed. A total of 505 records were obtained, of which three were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results will be helpful in developing new strategies to improve humanization skills in the health sphere.

The landscape of Extended Reality (ER), which includes Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and Mixed Reality (MR) is rapidly changing. However, despite the promising results from many randomized controlled trials (RCTs) developed on healthcare environments, there is a lack of standardization, specifically to determine their effectiveness in academic settings. To our best knowledge, this is the first systematic review addressing the efficacy of MR to enhance learning and skills acquisition in undergraduate mental health education. The purposes of this study were to review the scientific literature of those studies involving MR and undergraduate mental health education, to answer the two following questions: (1) Is MR useful to enhance the acquisition of knowledge and skill training in undergraduate mental health education, and (2) Which are the advantages and disadvantages that should be addressed to successfully develop MR in undergraduate mental health education? We conducted a systematic review of the peer-reviewed literature from EBSCO, Ovid, PubMed, and Scopus y WOS (Web of Science), following the PRISMA statements and using “mixed reality + education”, “mixed reality + student”, “mixed reality + undergraduate”, and “mixed reality + mental health”, as keywords. Those studies published between 2012 to present, in English or Spanish language, were reviewed. A total of 2608 records were retrieved, and only 6 publications met the inclusion criteria, and were finally included. MR training used was varied. There were no studies providing specific outcomes regarding the student’s acquired knowledge (theoretical concepts) after using MR. Several strengths and weaknesses of using MR with students were discussed. The results will be useful to develop innovative MR strategies to improve undergraduate mental health education, due to the lack of studies focused on this topic.

Durante buena parte del siglo XX, la enseñanza del periodismo en España recorrió el camino hacia su actual consideración universitaria. Tradicionalmente, se ha pensado que el modelo de formación superior de los periodistas españoles ha tenido un carácter mixto, combinando las asignaturas de carácter cultural, con las puramente técnicas. La finalidad de esta investigación es indagar con sistematicidad científica en el origen y proceso de evolución de este modelo mediante la presentación de las iniciativas pioneras no formales —de 1887 a 1926— y el análisis de las contenidas en los planes de estudio, desde los primeros momentos hasta que la disciplina periodística pasa a ser considerada formación universitaria de manera oficial. En total, este estudio longitudinal retrospectivo de carácter descriptivo comprende ocho décadas de historia (1887-1975) y un total de catorce planes de estudios de siete entidades formativas. La investigación constata empíricamente cómo todas esas etapas tienen un denominador común: el carácter mixto de los planes de estudios.

El presente artículo estudia la vocación educativa del arquitecto madrileño Enrique Mª Repullés y Vargas, una de las figuras más representativas del panorama arquitectónico español de finales del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX. Partiendo de una lectura del escenario educativo en España en esa época, se aborda un análisis orientado a la función educativa en su obra, tanto sus aportaciones teóricas (memoria escrita y proyectual), como una de sus realizaciones más representativas en este campo (memoria arquitectónica): el Grupo Escolar Alfonso XIII de la calle Fuenterrabía 15 de Madrid, construida en 1903 dentro del programa conmemorativo de la mayoría de edad del Monarca. El trabajo tiene como columna vertebral el estudio del engarce existente entre las aportaciones teóricas de Repullés y su traducción a la praxis arquitectónica, ilustrada con el significativo proyecto mencionado. La metodología empleada para el desarrollo del artículo ha supuesto una investigación en diferentes archivos, fruto de la cual se han recabado documentos históricos, tanto en forma de textos como en planimetrías de proyectos del arquitecto madrileño, complementando todo ello con un análisis in situ del Grupo Escolar Alfonso XIII en su situación actual (Colegio San Isidoro).