Psicología

While there is an increasing awareness regarding the culture of humanization, which is strongly needed in the healthcare environment, little knowledge has been provided in relation to accurate strategies to teach humanization skills to healthcare undergraduate students, as well as to healthcare professionals. Furthermore, the usefulness of new technologies to improve humanization skills has hardly been addressed so far in the scientific literature, including promising strategies such as Metaverse-related technologies. Presumably, this is the first systematic review focused on the efficacy of Metaverse-related technologies to increase the acquisition of humanization skills in the healthcare environment. The purpose of this study was to review the scientific studies published in the last decade to answer the following two questions: (1) are Metaverse-related technologies useful in enhancing humanization skills in the healthcare environment? (2) What are the advantages and disadvantages that should be addressed to successfully develop Metaverserelated technologies in the healthcare sector? We conducted a systematic review of the peer-reviewed literature from EBSCO, Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, andWeb of Science (WOS), following the PRISMA statements and using the following keywords: “humanization + Metaverse”; “humanization + mixed reality”; “humanization + extended reality”; “humanization + augmented reality”; “humanization + virtual reality”; “humanization + app”; “humanization + telemedicine”; “humanization + digital health”; “humanization + eHealth”; “humanization + telehealth”; “humanization + web-based”; “humanization + website”; “humanization + digital”; “humanization + online”; and “humanization + internet”. Studies published from 2012 to the present, written in the English language, were reviewed. A total of 505 records were obtained, of which three were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results will be helpful in developing new strategies to improve humanization skills in the health sphere.

The landscape of Extended Reality (ER), which includes Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and Mixed Reality (MR) is rapidly changing. However, despite the promising results from many randomized controlled trials (RCTs) developed on healthcare environments, there is a lack of standardization, specifically to determine their effectiveness in academic settings. To our best knowledge, this is the first systematic review addressing the efficacy of MR to enhance learning and skills acquisition in undergraduate mental health education. The purposes of this study were to review the scientific literature of those studies involving MR and undergraduate mental health education, to answer the two following questions: (1) Is MR useful to enhance the acquisition of knowledge and skill training in undergraduate mental health education, and (2) Which are the advantages and disadvantages that should be addressed to successfully develop MR in undergraduate mental health education? We conducted a systematic review of the peer-reviewed literature from EBSCO, Ovid, PubMed, and Scopus y WOS (Web of Science), following the PRISMA statements and using “mixed reality + education”, “mixed reality + student”, “mixed reality + undergraduate”, and “mixed reality + mental health”, as keywords. Those studies published between 2012 to present, in English or Spanish language, were reviewed. A total of 2608 records were retrieved, and only 6 publications met the inclusion criteria, and were finally included. MR training used was varied. There were no studies providing specific outcomes regarding the student’s acquired knowledge (theoretical concepts) after using MR. Several strengths and weaknesses of using MR with students were discussed. The results will be useful to develop innovative MR strategies to improve undergraduate mental health education, due to the lack of studies focused on this topic.

There is an increasing awareness about body image disturbance and eating disorders which calls for a multidisciplinary approach. The usefulness of new technologies for improving body image distortion has been addressed in the scientific literature, but has not included current strategies such as Metaverse-related technologies. Seemingly, this is the first systematic review which focuses on the efficacy of Metaverse-related technologies in reducing body image disturbance related to eating disorders like Anorexia nervosa and Bulimia nervosa. The main objective of this study was to review the scientific studies published in the last decade to answer the following three questions: (1) Are Metaverse-related technologies useful in mitigating body image disturbance in patients diagnosed with Anorexia nervosa and Bulimia nervosa? (2) What are the advantages and disadvantages? (3) Are the patients satisfied after using this kind of technology? The results obtained were that 80% of the included studies found metaverse-related technologies useful for the improvement in body image disturbance, in addition to various advantages, such as a decrease in eating disorder symptomatology. Whereas patient satisfaction was only evaluated in 20% of the included studies, with the majority of patients evaluating the use of metaverse-related technologies positively. We will conduct a systematic review of the peer-reviewed literature from EBSCO Discovery Service, and Web of Science (WOS), following the PRISMA statements. Only Journal articles published from 2013 to the present, written in the English language, will be reviewed. The findings are expected to offer valuable insights for the development of novel approaches for the improvement in body image disturbance in healthcare settings.