Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud

Vibratory platforms (VPs) and unstable footwear (UF) have both shown benefits on balance in some populations. However, there is no evidence about the combined effects of using UF while training on an VP in healthy and physically active young people. We aimed to evaluate the effects of wearing unstable footwear (UF) while training on a whole-body VP on balance in healthy, physically active young people. 23 participants were randomized into groups assigned UF (n = 11) or stable footwear (SF; n = 12). Both groups followed the same training program on an VP with the assigned footwear type twice a week for 12 weeks. The training consisted of performing 8 isometric exercises for progressively longer periods and higher oscillation amplitudes (15–60 s, 1–3 mm), at a fixed vibration frequency (20 Hz). The main outcomes were the antero-posterior and medio-lateral velocities of the center of pressure (COP) recorded using a plantar pressure corridor at baseline, post-treatment and 1-month follow-up. We found a statistically significant difference in the antero-posterior velocity during the monopodal test in the UF group between the different time-points (χ2(2) = 13.282, p = 0.001). Mediolateral COP velocity ranking during the bipodal test was lower for UF than for SF group (U = 19.50, z = − 2.86, p = 0.003) at follow-up. The traditional vibratory platform training does not seem to be effective to improve static balance in physically active young people, however, adding UF provided slightly greater effect.

Introduction: Impact force generates acceleration waves that travel through the body, and possible relationships may be exist between these acceleration waves and injuries. Several studies have analyzed the impact forces on the lower limb in healthy subjects wearing unstable shoes, but there is not accelerometric study analyzing the transmission of these impact forces along the locomotive system. The aim of the present study is to compare the acute effects of wearing unstable shoes (US) vs traditional shoes (TS), on maximum vertical acceleration, impact attenuation, cadence and stride length during gait. Methods: Fourty-three asymptomatic adults participated in the cross-sectional study. Subjects underwent gait analysis with simultaneously collecting heel and tibia peak acceleration, impact magnitude and acceleration rate, as well as shock attenuation and stride parameters (stride length, stride rate). Results: The results showed that wearing US increased cadence (10.99 steps/min; p<0.01), and decreased stride length (0.04 m; p<0.01). Additionally, an increase in maximum tibia peak acceleration, tibia impact magnitude and tibia acceleration rate were reported in the US condition compared to the TS condition, with a decrease of tibia attenuation in the US (p<0.05). Conclusion: Regarding shockwave transmission of ground reaction forces, a lower shock attenuation from the heel to the tibia was reported in the US vs TS condition. Bearing this in mind, it should be pointed that, while it is not yet clear if increased tibia acceleration is harmful to the musculoskeletal system, the US should be used with caution. / Introducción: La fuerza de impacto genera ondas de aceleración que viajan a través del cuerpo, pudiendo existir una relación entre estas ondas y determinados tipos de lesión. Varios estudios han analizado las fuerzas de impacto en el miembro inferior, en sujetos sanos empleando calzado inestable, pero no existen estudios que analicen la transmisión de las aceleraciones a lo largo del aparato locomotor. El objetivo del presente estudio es comparar los efectos agudos del uso de calzado inestable (US) frente al calzado tradicional (TS), sobre la aceleración máxima vertical, la atenuación del impacto, la cadencia y la longitud de la zancada durante la marcha. Método: Cuarenta y tres adultos asintomáticos participaron en el estudio transversal. Los sujetos fueron analizados durante la marcha con la recogida simultánea de la aceleración máxima del talón y la tibia, la magnitud del impacto y la ratio de aceleración, así como la disminución del impacto y determinados parámetros durante la zancada (longitud, frecuencia). Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que el uso de US aumentó la cadencia (10,99 pasos/min; p<0,01) y disminuyó la longitud de la zancada (0,04 m; p<0,01). Adicionalmente, se muestra un aumento en la aceleración máxima, la magnitud del impacto y la ratio de aceleración en la tibia con el calzado US en comparación con la condición de TS, con una disminución en la tibia en los US (p<0.05). Conclusión: La disminución del impacto desde el talón hasta la tibia en la condición de US frente a TS fue menor. Teniendo esto en cuenta, debe señalarse que aunque no está claro si el aumento de la aceleración de la tibia es perjudicial para el sistema musculoesquelético, los US deberían ser empleados con precaución.