2. Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU

Newcastle disease is a devasting disease in poultry production worldwide, thus it is important to implement control measures to avoid entrance of the disease and its spread in the field. In this context, the aim of this study was to design and implement a seroprevalence map based on business intelligence for avian paramyxovirus type 1 (APMV-1) in broilers in the Valencia Community (eastern Spain). This tool consists in software mapping based on data collection, data analysis and data representation. In order to obtain the serological data, 12 495 sera from 131 broiler farms over 5 years were analysed (2008–2012). The data were represented on a map of the Valencian Community including geographical information of flock locations to facilitate disease monitoring. No clinical signs of APMV-1 were reported in the studied flocks. The data from this study showed no evidence contact with APMV-1 in broiler flocks and the novel software mapping tool as a valuable method for easily monitoring the serological response to avian paramyxovirus type 1 (APMV-1) including geographical information.

Las aves acuáticas silvestres representan el principal reservorio natural de los virus influenza y han participado en el reordenamiento tanto de virus pandémicos como de los virus responsables de los brotes de gripe aviar en las especies domésticas y silvestres. Con el objetivo de conocer los determinantes implicados, en el presente trabajo se revisaron los casos humanos de influenza aviar asociados al manejo de aves silvestres y la utilización de los equipos de protección personal, así como las bases de la vigilancia de la influencia aviar altamente patógena en aves silvestres en España. Las evidencias existentes permiten concluir que la transmisión directa de virus influenza desde las aves silvestres al ser humano es un evento raro. No obstante, nuestro contexto epidemiológico se encuentra influido por el cambio climático y queda marcado por la presencia de rutas migratorias desde territorios donde la infección puede estar presente. Por ello, y ante las implicaciones clínicas, económicas y para la salud pública que dichas infecciones pueden tener, los diferentes colectivos expuestos a las aves silvestres (veterinarios, biólogos, ornitólogos, conservacionistas, técnicos de campo, agentes medioambientales, cetreros, cazadores, etc.) deberían conocer las posibles fuentes de contagio y manejar correctamente los equipos de protección personal. Al mismo tiempo, es importante que dichos grupos conozcan la situación sanitaria actualizada respecto a la influenza aviar, para adaptar sus actividades en consecuencia y poder aplicar las medidas de protección de forma proporcionada a la misma, amén de aportar una valiosa información para los programas de vigilancia. / Wild waterfowl are considered the main natural reservoir of influenza viruses and they have contributed to the reassortment of both pandemic viruses and viruses responsible for outbreaks of avian influenza in wild and domestic species. In order to determinate the factors involved, we reviewed the human cases of avian influenza related to the management of wild birds, the use of personal protective equipment, as well as the basis of surveillance programs of highly pathogenic avian influenza in wild birds in Spain. The direct transmission of influenza virus from wild birds to humans is a rare event. However, our epidemiological context is influenced by climate change and marked by the presence of migratory routes from territories where infection may be present. Thus, and due to the clinical, economical and public health implications that such infections may have, the different groups exposed to wild birds (veterinarians, biologists, ornithologists, conservationists, field technicians, environmental officers, falconers, hunters, etc.) should know which are the possible sources of infection and how to handle the personal protective equipment. Besides, it is important that those groups know the current sanitary situation regarding avian influenza so they can consequently adapt their activities and employ proper protective measures, in addition to providing valuable information for surveillance programs.

Objective: Peripheral facial palsy (PFP) is predominantly a unilateral disorder of the facial nerve, which can lead to psychological disorders that can result in decreased quality of life. The aim of this systematic review was to assess anxiety, depression and quality of life symptoms associated with PFP. Data sources: We searched the Medline, PEDro, CINAHL and Google Scholar databases to conduct this systematic review while following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses standards. The search was performed by two independent reviewers, and differences between the two reviewers were resolved by consensus. Study Selection: The search terms used were derived from the combination of the following MeSH terms: “facial paralysis”, “bell palsy”, “anxiety”, “anxiety disorders”, “depression”, “depressive disorders”, “quality of life” and not MeSH: “facial palsy”, “hemifacial paralysis”, “facial paresis”, “Peripheral Facial Paralysis”, using the combination of different Boolean operators (AND/OR). Data Extraction: On November 1st (2019). Data Synthesis: In total, 18 cross-sectional articles and two case-control studies were selected. Conclusions: The cross-sectional articles showed low methodological quality, while the case-control studies showed acceptable methodological quality. Limited evidence suggests that patients with PFP might have increased levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms. A qualitative analysis also showed limited evidence that quality of life might be diminished in patients with PFP.