2. Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU

In this study, the possible influence of the food matrix and the interfering population of microorganisms on the detection and count of Listeria monocytogenes in three common foods of the Spanish diet (Spanish omelette, fresh cheese and vegetable salad) was determined. Four groups were assayed: one control, two groups with interfering microorganisms (Salmonella Enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus mirabilis) with different levels of L. monocytogenes and a final group only contaminated with L. monocytogenes. The samples were analyzed with the normalized method (UNE-EN ISO 11290:2018) and with an alternative technique (VIDAS). The results show that the presence of interfering microorganisms did not seem to interfere with the determination of L. monocytogenes. Furthermore, the type of food did not seem to influence the determination of L. monocytogenes, but the culture media used showed differences. In fact, regardless of the type of food, the ALOA medium showed higher sensitivity than the other media, with higher recovery in 100% of samples (only for the Spanish omelette in Group B was the result the same as that for PALCAM, 􀀀8.11 log cfu/g). The results obtained using the VIDAS were not influenced by any of the factors or conditions used and show 100% efficiency.

Two experiments were carried out; one with female pigs and the other with male pigs destined for Teruel dry-cured ham production, to evaluate the effect of immunocastration (entire gilts-EG vs. immunocastrated gilts-IG and surgically castrated males vs. immunocastrated males-IM) and diet (control vs. high energy vs. low crude protein and amino acids) on meat quality and fat composition. Fifteen meat samples and eight fat samples of each treatment were analyzed in both experiments. In the case of males, six fat samples per treatment were analyzed to determine boar taint. Immunocastration is a good strategy in gilts intended for dry-cured ham production because improves meat composition; however, in males, immunocastration impairs the results of pork chemical composition compared with surgical castration. The IG presented a lower polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acids ratio than EG, improving fat technological quality. Diets had little effect on pork or fat quality in gilts, but a high-energy level using oilseeds and a low-crude-protein and -amino-acids diet from 80 to 137 kg of body weight could be interesting in IM to maintain or increase fat consistency, respectively. Moreover, in general, immunocastration is effective in avoiding boar taint in males.

Objetivo: Consensuar las competencias profesionales de salud pública que deben adquirir los/las estudiantes en el Grado en Veterinaria y los contenidos fundamentales que deben incluir los programas de salud pública según el criterio de docentes de salud pública del Grado en Veterinaria representantes de distintas universidades españolas.Métodos: Se organizó la 3a Reunión del Foro de Profesorado Universitario de Salud Pública en la Facultad de Veterinaria de la Universidad de Córdoba (12-13 de enero de 2016). Participaron 42 docentes de nueve universidades españolas con Grado en Veterinaria y se distribuyeron en cinco grupos durante tres sesiones de trabajo para identificar y clasificar las competencias propias del grado, proponer contenidos de salud pública para las competencias identificadas, y organizar los contenidos en bloques temáticos.Los resultados se discutieron en distintas sesiones plenarias hasta alcanzar acuerdos.Resultados: El mayor número de competencias identificadas corresponde a actividades de las funciones«Valorar las necesidades de salud de la población» y «Desarrollar políticas de salud». El programa resultante incluye contenidos básicos organizados en cinco bloques: 1) Fundamentos de salud pública; 2)Estudio e investigación en salud pública; 3) Producción, sanidad animal y medio ambiente; 4) Seguridad alimentaria; y 5) Educación sanitaria y comunicación.Conclusiones: Los acuerdos alcanzados pueden ser un buen punto de partida para orientar una propuesta formativa en salud pública del grado para los futuros profesionales de veterinaria. / Objective: To reach a consensus among public health faculty from various Spanish universities about thecore public health competencies that should be integrated into the Veterinary Medicine degree training.Methods: The 3 rd Forum of University Professors of Public Health was held at the School of VeterinaryMedicine of the University of Cordoba (12-13 January 2016). Forty-two university professors and lecturersfrom nine Spanish universities with veterinary degrees participated in the forum. They were divided intofive working groups during three working sessions to identify and classify core public health competen-cies for the Veterinary Medicine degree, propose public health contents for the identified competenciesand organize such contents in thematic blocks. The results were discussed in different plenary sessions.Results: The highest number of core competencies was identified in the activities related to the followingpublic health functions: «Assessment of the population’s health needs» and «Developing health policies».The final programme included basic contents organized into five units: 1) Fundamentals of public health;2) Study and research in public health; 3) Production, animal health and environment; 4) Food security;and 5) Health education.Conclusions: The public health core competencies and contents identified in this Forum may be consideredas a starting point to update public health training programmes for future veterinary professionals.

Induction and synchronization of estrus and ovulation in sheep is based on intravaginal progestagen-impregnated polyurethane sponges or progesterone-loaded silicon-based devices (CIDR), in either short- (6–7 days) or long-term (12–14 days) protocols. Bearing in mind that the use of intravaginal sponges in long-term protocols has been related to the presence of vaginitis at removal, we compared the effects of sponges and CIDRs, maintained during either 7 or 14 days, on vaginal features (characteristics of vaginal mucus discharge, pH and microbiota) and fertility under field conditions. Almost all the ewes treated with intravaginal sponges showed vaginal discharge at device withdrawal, which was purulent and/or bloody in around 15% and 80% of the females treated for 7 and 14 days, respectively. The vaginal pH and microbiota changed in both groups when compared to control sheep, especially in ewes treated for 14 days, which showed a pH value around 8 and a higher incidence of Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus. On the other hand, independently of the length of the treatment, only around 15–20% of the sheep treated with CIDRs evidenced vaginal discharge (p < 0.00005 when compared to sponge groups), and such discharge was scarce, clear, and showed no changes in vaginal pH and microbiota when compared to control sheep. Fertility yields were associated with vaginal features, being higher in both short-term treatments (75%) and the long-term CIDR-based treatment (70%) than in the long-term sponge-based treatment (45%).