2. Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://hdl.handle.net/10637/13

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    Evaluation of changes in intestinal microbiota in Crohn's disease patients after anti-TNF alpha treatment2021-05-11

    Intestinal dysbiosis is key in the onset and development of Crohn’s disease (CD). We evaluated the microbiota changes in CD patients before and after a six-month anti-TNF treatment, comparing these changes with the microbiota of healthy subjects. This prospective multicenter observational study involved 27 CD patients initiating anti-TNF treatment and 16 healthy individuals. Inflammatory activity was determined at baseline, 3 and 6 months, classifying patients into responders and nonresponders. Fecal microbiota was analyzed by massive genomic sequencing thought 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing before and after six months of anti-TNF treatment. The CD cohort showed a decrease in genera of the class Clostridia, short-chain fatty acid producers, and an increase in the phylum Proteobacteria (p < 0.01) versus the healthy cohort. After anti-TNF treatment, the phylum Proteobacteria also increased in non-responders versus responders (13/27) (p < 0.005), with the class Clostridia increasing. In addition, alpha diversity increased in responders versus non-responders (p < 0.01), tending towards eubiosis. An association was found (p < 0.001) in the F.prausnitzii/E.coli ratio between responders and non-responders. The F/E ratio was the most accurate biomarker of anti-TNF response (area under the curve 0.87). Thus, anti-TNF treatment allows partial restoration of intestinal microbiota in responders and the F.prausnitzii/E.coli ratio can provide a reliable indicator of response to anti-TNF in CD.

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    UCH
    Physical activity values in two- to seven-year-old children measured by accelerometer over five consecutive 24-hour days2018-05-01

    Introduction: interpretation of accelerometer-derived physical activity in preschool children is confounded by differences in cut-off points. Aim: the purpose of this study was to analyze physical activity in 2-to-7-year-old children to establish reference values for daily activity. Methods: observational study in children aged 2-7 years, without chronic diseases and whose parents provided informed consent. The main variable was physical activity, measured continuously over 120 hours (three workdays and two weekend days) by accelerometer. Secondary variables were weight status (body mass index [BMI] Z-score) and gender. The relationship between the main variable and secondary variables was determined through the t-test, ANOVA and the Pearson correlation coefficient. A multivariate model was used to obtain the standard deviation (SD) of all possible combinations of values, constructing percentiles of normality (x ± SD and x ± 2·SD). Results: one hundred and thirty-six children (35% of municipality children) were included in the study (54.4% of them were girls). Their weight status distribution was: 25 underweight (18.4%), 54 normal weight (39.7%), 12 risk of overweight (8.8%), 22 overweight (16.2%) and 23 obese (16.8%). The median age was 5.7 years and the mean physical activity was 592 counts/minute. The boys undertook more physical activity (p = 0.031) and the underweight and normal-weight children undertook more physical activity than the overweight and obese children (p = 0.012). There were no significant differences according to age. The multivariate analysis showed significant differences (p < 0.001) according to gender and weight status. In boys, physical activity decreased as weight status increased. In contrast, the girls in the extreme BMI groups obtained higher levels of physical activity. Conclusion: overweight and obese preschool children had lower levels of physical activity than normal weight children. Physical activity levels were higher in boys. / Introducción: la interpretación de la actividad física medida mediante actimetría en preescolares es confusa debido a los diferentes puntos de corte. Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la actividad física en niños de dos a siete años para establecer valores de actividad física diaria. Método: estudio observacional en niños de dos a siete años, sin enfermedades crónicas y cuyos padres hubieran firmado el consentimiento informado. La variable principal fue la actividad física, medida durante 120 horas ininterrumpidas (tres días laborables y dos días festivos) mediante actímetros. Las variables secundarias fueron el estado de peso (puntaje z de índice de masa corporal [IMC]) y el sexo. La relación entre la variable principal y las variables secundarias fue determinada mediante el test-t, ANOVA y el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. Se utilizó un modelo multivariable para obtener estándares de desviación en todas las posibles combinaciones de valores, construyendo percentiles de normalidad (x ± DE y x ± 2·DE). Resultados: participaron en el estudio 136 niños (35% de los niños del municipio); el 54,4% fueron chicas. La distribución de estado de peso fue: 25 niños con bajo peso (18,4%), 54 normopeso (39,7%), 12 en riesgo de sobrepeso (8,8%), 22 con sobrepeso (16,2%) y 23 con obesidad (16,8%). La media de edad fue 5,7 años y de actividad física, 592 cuentas/minuto. Los chicos realizaron mayor actividad física (p = 0,031) y los niños con bajo peso y normopeso realizaron mayor actividad física que los niños con sobrepeso y obesidad (p = 0,012). No hubo diferencias significativas respecto a la edad. El análisis multivariable mostró diferencias significativas (p < 0,001) respecto al sexo y el estado de peso. En los niños, la actividad física decreció cuando aumentó el peso. Por el contrario, las niñas en grupos de IMC extremos obtuvieron mayores niveles de actividad física. Conclusión: los preescolares en situación de sobrepeso y obesidad presentaron niveles menores de actividad física que los niños normopeso. Los niveles de actividad física fueron mayores en los chicos.

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    Estudio longitudinal sobre la adherencia al patrón de Dieta Mediterránea en estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud2018-01-01

    Introducción: El período universitario suele ser el momento en que los estudiantes asumen por primera vez su propia alimentación y pueden adquirir hábitos que repercutirán en su futura salud. Se analiza la evolución del índice de masa corporal (IMC) y adherencia a la Dieta Mediterránea en estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud estudiando los efectos de la formación recibida en el primer curso y en el segundo curso académico. Material y Métodos: Estudio piloto sobre el seguimiento de 124 estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera (grados de Enfermería y Fisioterapia), mediante el cuestionario KIDMED en primer curso y durante el segundo curso académico, valorando los cambios en la adherencia a la Dieta Mediterránea y posibles factores asociados (sexo, grado de procedencia, comensalidad, estado de IMC y valoración de la adherencia previa). Resultados: Se encuentra buena correlación entre IMC inicial y final (r2=0,848; p<0,001) y valoración KIDMED inicial y final (r2=0,691; p<0,001). El IMC no muestra diferencias significativas al recibir la formación. Se produce un incremento significativo de la valoración KIDMED, mayor en los alumnos de Enfermería (p=0,045). El 50,8% mejora su adherencia a la dieta, tanto en el análisis bivariante como multivariante de regresión logística binaria, únicamente se observa asociación inversa a la adherencia inicial (OR=1,68[1,35–2,08]; IC=95%; p<0,001). Conclusiones: Se observó una ligera mejoría en la adherencia a la Dieta Mediterránea cuando los estudiantes cursaban segundo curso de Ciencias de la Salud. Por ello, incluir información científica acerca de hábitos dietéticos y estilos de vida saludables a los universitarios contribuye a mejorar sus propios hábitos y poderlos promover entre sus futuros pacientes. / Introduction: The university period is usually the moment when students assume their own diet for the first time and can acquire habits that will affect their future health. The evolution of the nutritional status of the body mass index (BMI) and adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Health Sciences students in the Nursing and Physiotherapy degrees is studied by studying the effects of the training received in the first year and in the second academic course on Dietetics and Nutrition. Material and Methods: Pilot study on the follow-up of 124 students of Health Sciences of the Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera (Nursing and Physiotherapy degrees), by means of the KIDMED questionnaire before and after studying a subject of Nutrition in first year and during the second academic year, assessing the changes in the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and possible associated factors (sex, degree of origin, commensality, state of nutrition through BMI and assessment of previous adherence). Results: A good correlation was found between initial and final BMI (r2=0.848, p<0.001) and initial and final KIDMED assessment (r2=0.691, p<0.001). The nutrition status BMI does not show significant differences when receiving the training. There was a significant increase in KIDMED assessment, higher in Nursing students (p=0.045). 50.8% improves its adherence to the diet, both in the bivariate and multivariate analysis of binary logistic regression, only an inverse association with the initial adherence is observed (OR=1.68[1.35–2.08]; IC=95%, p<0.001). Conclusions: A slight improvement in the adherence of the students’ diet to the Mediterranean Diet was observed when the students were taking a second course in Health Sciences and had received nutrition training. Therefore, include scientific information about dietary habits and healthy lifestyles to college students help improve their own habits and promote them among their future patients.