Browsing by Author "Maestre Peiró, Ana"

Background: The natural history of patients with lung cancer and venous thromboembolism (VTE) has not been consistently evaluated. Methods: We used the RIETE (Registro Informatizado Enfermedad TromboEmbólica) database to assess the clinical characteristics, time course, and outcomes during anticoagulation of lung cancer patients with acute, symptomatic VTE. Results: As of May 2017, a total of 1,725 patients were recruited: 1,208 (70%) presented with pulmonary embolism (PE) and 517 with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Overall, 865 patients (50%) were diagnosed with cancer <3 months before, 1,270 (74%) had metastases, and 1,250 (72%) had no additional risk factors for VTE. During anticoagulation (median, 93 days), 166 patients had symptomatic VTE recurrences (recurrent DVT: 86, PE: 80), 63 had major bleeding (intracranial 11), and 870 died. The recurrence rate was twofold higher than the major bleeding rate during the first month, and over threefold higher beyond the first month. Fifty-seven patients died of PE and 15 died of bleeding. Most fatal PEs (84%) and most fatal bleeds (67%) occurred within the firstmonth of therapy. Nine patients with fatal PE (16%) died within the first 24 hours. Of 72 patients dying of PE or bleeding, 15 (21%) had no metastases and 29 (40%) had the VTE shortly after surgery or immobility. Conclusion: Active surveillance on early signs and/or symptoms of VTE in patients with recently diagnosed lung cancer and prescription of prophylaxis in those undergoing surgery or during periods of immobilizationmight likely help prevent VTE better, detect it earlier, and treat it more efficiently.

In young patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE), the predictive value of currently available prognostic tools has not been evaluated. Our objective was to compare prognostic value of 7 available tools (GPS, PESI, sPESI, Prognostic Algorithm, PREP, shock index and RIETE) in patients aged <50 years. We used the RIETE database, including PE patients from 2001 to 2017. The major outcome was 30-day all-cause mortality. Of 34,651 patients with acute PE, 5,822 (17%) were aged <50 years. Of these, 83 (1.4%) died during the frst 30 days. Number of patients deemed low risk with tools was: PREP (95.9%), GPS (89.6%), PESI (87.2%), Shock index (70.9%), sPESI (59.4%), Prognostic algorithm (58%) and RIETE score (48.6%). The tools with a highest sensitivity were: Prognostic Algorithm (91.6%; 95% CI: 85.6–97.5), RIETE score (90.4%; 95%CI: 84.0–96.7) and sPESI (88%; 95% CI: 81–95). The RIETE, Prognostic Algorithm and sPESI scores obtained the highest overall sensitivity estimates for also predicting 7- and 90-day all-cause mortality, 30-day PE-related mortality, 30-day major bleeding and 30-day VTE recurrences. The proportion of low-risk patients who died within the frst 30 days was lowest using the Prognostic Algorithm (0.2%), RIETE (0.3%) or sPESI (0.3%) scores. In PE patients less 50 years, 30-day mortality was low. Although sPESI, RIETE and Prognostic Algorithm scores were the most sensitive tools to identify patients at low risk to die, other tools should be evaluated in this population to obtain more efcient results.