Interviews use a qualitative technique that is particularly common in the social sciences. Oxman (1998) describes this tool as a verbal interaction (written or oral) with questions and answers that are oriented towards a fixed topic and have some specific objectives. In this case, the focused interview is one of the two types of qualitative interviews- the other one is the in-depth interview- which has a particular application when it comes to interviews that have a predetermined interest and in which, according to Sierra (1998) interviewer and interviewee must know each other beforehand.

For Merton and Kendall in Flick (2014), the main characteristic of focused interviews is exposure to a specific situation. The interview must evoke cognitive and emotional responses in the interviewee. Valles (2002) points out that the inter-view should be developed based on four pillars: the interview should not be guided, instead the interviewer should try to make the answers spontaneous; these answers should be specific, not vague or blurred; the interview should explore the interviewee’s emotions, and finally, the interview should be profound and take place in a relevant personal context. Valles (2002) also emphasizes the importance of the interviewee, insofar as he/she must have professional experience in the field referred to in the research.

Thus, the interview for this research has three sections: one of three introductory presentation questions, seven other ques-tions related to journalism and content writing, big data and artificial intelligence, and finally, two questions for reflection.

Table 2: Structure of the interview

Source: Author-created