1. Universidad San Pablo-CEU

In the present study, we analyzed the allergenicity of grass pollen from a large city with high levels of environmental pollution (Madrid) and a city with low levels of pollution (Ciudad Real) under real-life conditions of environmental exposure of plants, ie, in their habitat and not in a laboratory setting.

CEU San Pablo University, and more specifically its Faculty of Economic and Business Sciences, decided to launch a subject that involves the compendium and coordination of two clearly differentiated subjects: Economic History and Economic Structure. This has meant, not only the definition of a single program that integrates all the knowledge of both subjects, but also that two lecturers teach the same subject in the same group. Thus, in Structure and Economic History there is a complete and total coordination of the subjects under study, which allows students to link the knowledge, acquired in both of them. Furthermore, this allows them to develop critical thinking, and to face the analysis of the main economic problems from different perspectives.

The purpose of this article is to see, through the experience of a group of Academic Tutors of curricular practices, if these serve to prepare the students in the acquisition and development of the competences and abilities that are needed in the present labour market and that serve them for the future. Secondly, we want to analyse what companies think about the training of our students when they work with them during the internship period. We want to test all this through the contents of the Final Reports that both our students and the Company Tutors have to send at the end of the internship period. This information is received through a tool, developed by the University, where students can carry out all the procedures related to the internship and can be in contact too with their Academic Tutor

Enmarcado dentro del compromiso de la universidad española de formar no sólo en conocimientos sino también en competencias, este trabajo presenta una nueva forma de enfocar la elaboración de los trabajos de fin de grado. En esta propuesta prima la adquisición de competencias transversales por parte del estudiante, combinando el trabajo autónomo con el cooperativo gracias a la colaboración entre varias universidades europeas. A lo largo de su último curso de grado, los estudiantes, guiados por varios profesores, deben investigar sobre varias cuestiones relacionadas con el mundo de la banca, de las finanzas y de la ética, para prepararse de cara al encuentro. Esta preparación previa les permite abordar durante la semana en que tiene lugar el programa intensivo y junto con el resto de compañeros europeos, la elaboración de un trabajo académico desde una perspectiva internacional. Esta investigación, además, les puede servir de base para la posterior elaboración y defensa de su trabajo de fin de grado en su universidad de origen.

In 1962, the Ley de Bases para la Ordenación del Crédito y de la Banca (LBOCB) was passed, which sought, at least theoretically, to introduce greater competition in the Spanish banking sector. After more than a century, the banking sector was forced to specialize and to choose between the provision of commercial services (the raising of short-term deposits and loans and discounting of bills) or the financing of industrial activities (typical of industrial banking). The sector, characterized by the presence of a multitude of small and medium-sized banks, presented oligopolistic features as more than 80% of the resources were in the hands of the large national banks. The aim of this paper is to characterize the activity of Spanish banks in 1955 and 1965. By means of a multicriteria analysis, a classification of the banks according to different parameters is proposed, with the aim of contrasting whether the banking strategy was similar or not. This work is framed in the tradition of the New Economic History or Cliometrics developed in the 70's of the 20th century, characterized by the interconnection of mathematics, economics, and statistics in the historical analysis.

Although in the Hebrew Bible a specific term does not appear to refer to ‘colour’, unlike what happens in its Greek and Latin versions, colour terms are used in the di!erent books that it is composed of to denote the various chromatic spectrum that nature shows. In the Semitic world colour is what is perceived on the objects and human beings through sight due to the presence of light. For this reason, the study of colour in the Bible is intrinsically joined to the study of the entity imbued by colour. In the most of the cases the modern reader can identify the tonality expressed by colour terms precisely through the entity mentioned. Indeed, sometimes, the objects of nature themselves are used to denote colour as occurs with precious stones, metals or cloths. In the Book of Consolation the prophet Jeremiah uses the nominal lexeme yeraqôn to describe the faces of the soldiers terrified before the attack of the enemy (Jer 30.6). It is a peculiar use because yeraqôn appears 5 times in the Hebrew Bible joined to šidapôn, ‘blight’, with the meaning of ‘mildew’ (Deut 28.22; 1 Kings 8.37; Jer 30.6; Amos 4.9; Hag. 2.17; 2 Chr. 6.28). In fact, the main dictionaries and studies about colour propose that yeraqôn has two di!erent meanings: achromatic that is the most frequent (mildew) and the other one chromatic (paleness). Nevertheless, neither Greek neither Latin version, having colour terms that could be equivalents, use them and instead they resort to a term expressing a skin disease characterized by the fact that the person acquires a yellow hue as happens with mold: 􀗔􀕿􀖇􀕺􀖄􀖃􀖅 ‘jaundice’ and aurugo ‘jaundice’. Thus, it is logical asking if yeraqôn denotes e!ectiveness ‘paleness’. As it is mentioned, Jeremiah utilizes yeraqôn to describe the soldiers’ faces (Jer 30.6). As today, in Israel, the face reflects the emotions that the human being experiences, through gestures or a colour change on the face, as it can naturally turn red or pale. As it is known, one of the fear e!ects is the unexpected paleness. So it stands to set out that yeraqôn does indeed mean paleness. However, how can we explain the origin of this new meaning? Jer 30.6 appears in the context of divine punishment as occurs when it has the meaning of mildew. The mildew, attacking the plants, discolours them and they acquired a hue of low saturation between green and yellow. It seems that Jeremiah pays attention in the colour of the plants and, through a cognitive metonymy of kind ENTITY and SALIENT PROPERTY, uses yeraqôn to express only the colour acquired by a person, not ill as the plants, but terrified by fear. This explains that yeraqôn does not denote a plant illness, but the colour of fear.