doxa.comunicación | 31, pp. 251-264 | 255

July-December of 2020

Francisco Manuel Carriscondo-Esquivel and Amina El-Founti Zizaoui

ISSN: 1696-019X / e-ISSN: 2386-3978

While the representations analysed by González Troyano (2018) are rather literary, without going into the language, those studied by Rafael Cano Aguilar (2009: 82-111) point to the assessment of the Andalusian way of speaking by scholars. In general terms, the strategy devised by that researcher consists in searching for such appreciations in the texts present in the Corpus diacrónico del español (corde), which leads him to discover the first negative comments in this regard in the 16th century, with some precedents in the 15th century. Within Philology, perhaps the best known example is the testimony of Juan de Valdés, referring to Elio A. de Nebrija, in his Diálogo de la Lengua (c. 1538). The allusions are branded by Cano Aguilar as “arbitrarias e infundadas” (2009: 87), based on scarce and erroneous data, which would prove the little knowledge of the Andalusian variety by Valdés:

¿Vos no veis que, aunque Librija era muy docto en la lengua latina, que esto nadie se lo puede quitar, al fin no se puede negar que era andaluz, y no castellano, y que escribió aquel su Vocabulario con tan poco cuidado que parece haberlo escrito por burla? […] [É]l era de Andaluzía, donde la lengua no stá muy pura. […] No me aleguéis otra vez para la lengua castellana el autoridad de Librija andaluz, que me haréis perder la paciencia. […] Ya tornáis a vuestro Librija. ¿No os tengo dicho que, como aquel hombre no era castellano, sino andaluz, hablaba y escribía como en Andalucía, y no como en Castilla? (Valdés 1984 [c. 1538]: 46, 80 y 114).4

In his search, Cano Aguilar traces the course of time to the 20th century. Additionally, Carriscondo Esquivel (1999) analysed the texts belonging to the 19th century’s costumbrist text collections, many of them unknown because they were not in the large corpus of Spanish data, derived from the pen of the epigones of a movement that derived in a genre, characterized by the forgetfulness of its original purposes (nothing is described any longer for fear of being lost nor do we want to preserve what is truly national). In this way, that contributes to this historical journey a series of representative samples of the relationship of the Andalusian grace with its way of speaking; of the picturesque types (bullfighters, singers and bandits) as actants; of the scenes (the corrala, the tavern) in which they move; and, finally, of the scenes full of chascarrillos, amorous compliments and compliments:

[El cantaor tiene que ser andaluz.] ¡Pero nunca de Jaén! Por lo tanto cecea y se sorbe una porción de letras, y hace muecas y gestos particulares al hablar, y al andar, y cuando está sentado, y yo creo que hasta mientras duerme (Ferrán 1872: 36).

[El matón nace] en Ronda o en Sevilla, ¿quién sabe?… pero si no es andaluz, lo parece. Flamenco por inclinación, dice jigo y jiguera, empleando constantemente la z en lugar de la c y la s, y adoptando un aire macareno… que da el opio (Ruigómez 1872: 229).

–¿Es usted la madre de este pimpollo? –preguntó el nazareno. Pa servir a usted y a Dios. –Pues debía usted parir todos los días. –¿Pa darle a usted gusto, no es verdad? –No señora, para alumbrar la tierra. –¡Vaya que tiene el señor gana de bromas!

Acacias 38 (2015) y Anclados (2015). From all these samples, we would like to draw our attention to the speech of the slaves in the Spanish dubbing of El color púrpura (1986), which is impregnated of Andalusisms to highlight their low socio-educational level. We have not included in this profusion of examples the cinema of regional exaltation, produced during Franco’s regime, as well as what appears to be its continuity in the programmes of “Canal Sur”, the regional television and radio stations. We have also ruled out presenters of Andalusian origin who are hired precisely because their way of speaking is linked to what we could call vivacity and friendliness.

4 The analysis of these observations by Ígor Rodríguez-Iglesias shows how it is possible to combine the philological perspective (the origins of the linguistic ideology underlying this vision of Andalusian) with current critical perspectives, related to the aforementioned concept of inferiorisation (2018: 98-109) and the now introduced decolonialism (95-98).