190 | 31, pp. 187-205 | doxa.comunicación

July-December of 2020

Literary resources used by Leila Guerriero in her journalistic profiles

ISSN: 1696-019X / e-ISSN: 2386-3978

stories: the récit, the actual order of events in the text; l’histoire, the actual sequence of events; and the narration, or the act of story-telling and its own temporal evolution which is very useful in journalistic texts. Genette poses a text analysis in relation to the problems of the narrative: temporal distortions of order, duration, frequency, mode and voice.

What is literary language? Are Leila Guerriero’s profiles written in literary language? Professor of Literary Theory José Domínguez Caparrós explains the concept of literary language in his Introducción al comentario de textos (Introduction to Textual Commentary) (1985):

From Russian formalism to the present day, there have been many attempts to find the specifics of literary language. The problem had already been raised in another manner with the old Rhetoric, which concerns whether literary language is different, and if so, what it differs from: What is the norm from which literary language departs? What is the grammar of literary language? (1985: 14).

To answer these questions, Domínguez Caparrós suggests using a text analysis model in which a distinction can be made between system and reference. Within this system would be the word (morphology), the sentence (syntax), and the meaning (semantics).

This model, considered to be highly clarifying, has been used in this paper in order to study Guerriero’s literary resources, highlighting those that are most effective in achieving an intense, literary expression.

As for the universe, a case study has been carried out of Leila Guerriero’s profiles published in various media between 2001 and 2012, and gathered in two anthologies: Frutos Extraños (crónicas reunidas 2001-2008), Strange Results (chronicle collection) (Guerriero, 2012), and Plano Americano, (American Portrait) (Guerriero, 2013), which are the only anthologies dedicated entirely to Leila Guerriero that manage to offer a single version of the various anthologies circulating on the Internet. These two anthologies have been reprinted by several publishers. This research has used the Alfaguara edition of 2012 and the Diego Portales University 2013 release, which were the two original publications. The former includes 16 journalistic texts, of which 13 are profiles and 3 are chronicles. The latter is composed of 21 texts that are profiles. A total of 34 profiles have been obtained, from which 3 must be removed, as they are repeated, in other words, there are actually 31 profiles in the anthologies. To these are added the two profile books published by Leila Guerriero: Una historia sencilla (A simple story) (Guerriero, 2013), and Opus Gelber (Guerriero, 2019). The researcher of this paper consider it relevant to include the study of profile-books in the profile corpus, as they form part of Guerriero’s journalistic work, due to the fact that their structure and style are the same as those of the profiles published in the media, and they share with the latter their lack of immediate timeliness, another of the characteristics of this journalist’s profiles. The only feature that differentiates the profile-books from the profiles published in the media is their length, yet it is precisely this extension that provides a vast array of possibilities for the investigation of literary resources. Thus, the profiles published in the media together with the two profile-books make a total corpus of 33 profiles, which is the basis of this study.